Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br. in Ait. & Ait. f.
Downy Rattlesnake Plantain
Facts About
Accepted Synonyms: Neottia pubescens, Peramium pubescens
Goodyera pubescens, commonly known as Downy Rattlesnake Plantain, is distributed across eastern and central Canada and the United States, from Quebec to Oklahoma. Like other members of its genus, it produces multiple basal leaves which stay green throughout the winter; its leaves are distinctly veined with white and by a white stripe down the center. It has a densely packed inflorescence, producing up to 57 small, white flowers with a pouch-like labellum and a hood formed by connivent petals and dorsal sepal. It can be distinguished from G. tesselata by its more markedly saccate labellum, and from G. repens by its more dense, tightly packed inflorescence. It grows in coniferous, deciduous, or mixed forests, and occasionally in moist humus or swamps.
Goodyera pubescens is considered globally secure, but may be rare in several southern states.
Pollination
Pollinator information for this orchid is limited but known pollinators for this species include Augochlora pura and Augochlorella aurata. This orchid attracts different pollinators than other species of Goodyera which rely primarily on bees in the genus Bombus.
Ecosystem Type
Forests, woodlands
Characteristics
- Habitat:
- terrestrial
- Leaf arrangement:
- basal
- Number of leaves on stem:
- absent
- Form of the labellum:
- the labellum is pouch-like
- Labellum outline:
- the labellum is simple
- Main color of labellum:
- white
- Nectar spur:
- absent
- Inflorescence type:
- the inflorescence is a spike
- Labellum characteristics:
- the labellum is saccate
- Labellum length:
- 2.5–4.2 mm
- Sepal length:
- 3.1–5.3 mm
- Plant height:
- 10–50 cm
-
Flowers
- Floral bract length:
- 4–10 mm
- Flower petal color:
- white
- Flower symmetry:
- the flower is zygomorphic
- Flowering date:
-
- July
- August
- September
- Flowers per inflorescence:
- 10–57
- Form of the labellum:
- the labellum is pouch-like
- Hairs on flower stalk:
- the pedicel has at least some hairs with glands at their bases or tips
- Hairs on inflorescence axis:
- the inflorescence stem has at least some hairs with glands
- Inflorescence length:
- 40–100 mm
- Inflorescence type:
- the inflorescence is a spike
- Labellum characteristics:
- the labellum is saccate
- Labellum length:
- 2.5–4.2 mm
- Labellum outline:
- the labellum is simple
- Labellum position:
- the flowers are resupinate
- Length of peduncle:
- 110–350 mm
- Lower petal strongly red-veined:
- no
- Main color of labellum:
- white
- Nectar spur:
- absent
- Number of stamens:
- 1
- Orientation of side petals:
- the lateral petals are ascending
- Pollen sacs:
- the pollinia remain intact and do not fragment into smaller parts
- Self-pollinating flowers:
- there are no cleistogamous flowers
- Sepal length:
- 3.1–5.3 mm
- Sepals fused only to sepals:
- the sepals are separate from one another
- Shape of viscidium:
- roughly circular
- Spots on labellum:
- no
-
Fruits or seeds
- Fruit length:
- 6–10 mm
- Seed capsule orientation:
- the capsule points upwards or outwards
-
Growth form
- Plant height:
- 10–50 cm
- Roots:
- the rhizomes are non-coralloid
- Underground organs:
-
- slender roots
- this plant has a rhizome
- myco-heterotrophic or not:
- the plant is chlorophyllous
-
Leaves
- Bract relative length:
- the bract is shorter than the associated flower
- Features of leaves:
- the leaf is roughly checkered with green and white markings
- Leaf arrangement:
- basal
- Leaf blade edges:
- the leaf edges are entire
- Leaf blade length:
- 21–62 mm
- Leaf blade length to width ratio:
- 1.6–2.1
- Leaf blade shape:
-
- elliptic
- ovate
- Leaf blade tip:
-
- the tip of the leaf blade is acute
- the tip of the leaf blade is obtuse
- Leaf blade width:
- 13–30 mm
- Leaves during flowering:
- leaves are present during flowering
- Number of bracts on stem:
- 4–14
- Number of leaves on stem:
- absent
-
Place
- Ecosystem type:
-
- forests
- woodlands
- Habitat:
- terrestrial
- Location:
-
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- Connecticut
- Delaware
- District of Columbia
- Florida
- Georgia
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kentucky
- Maine
- Maryland
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- Mississippi
- Missouri
- New Brunswick
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- North Carolina
- Nova Scotia
- Ohio
- Oklahoma
- Ontario
- Pennsylvania
- Quebec
- Rhode Island
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Vermont
- Virginia
- West Virginia
- Wisconsin
-
Facts and Uses
- Mycorrhiza
- Monitoring
- Propagation
- Restoration
Native to North America
Yes
North American Conservation Status & Distribution
Conservation Status
Conservation and Wetland Status | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Conservation status for: Alabama | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Alabama Rank | N/A |
Alabama Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Arkansas | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Arkansas Rank | N/A |
Arkansas Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Connecticut | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Connecticut Rank | N/A |
Connecticut Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: District of Columbia | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
District of Columbia Rank | N/A |
District of Columbia Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Delaware | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Delaware Rank | N/A |
Delaware Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Florida | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Florida Rank | Highly State Rare |
Florida Status | Endangered |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Upland |
Conservation status for: Georgia | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Georgia Rank | Apparently Secure |
Georgia Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Iowa | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Iowa Rank | Watch List |
Iowa Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Illinois | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Illinois Rank | Watch List |
Illinois Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Indiana | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Indiana Rank | N/A |
Indiana Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Kentucky | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Kentucky Rank | Secure |
Kentucky Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Massachusetts | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Massachusetts Rank | N/A |
Massachusetts Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Maryland | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Maryland Rank | N/A |
Maryland Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Maine | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Maine Rank | N/A |
Maine Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Michigan | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Michigan Rank | N/A |
Michigan Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Minnesota | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Minnesota Rank | N/A |
Minnesota Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Missouri | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Missouri Rank | N/A |
Missouri Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Mississippi | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Mississippi Rank | Highly State Rare |
Mississippi Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Upland |
Conservation status for: New Brunswick | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
New Brunswick Rank | N/A |
New Brunswick Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | N/A |
Conservation status for: North Carolina | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
North Carolina Rank | Secure |
North Carolina Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Upland |
Conservation status for: New Hampshire | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
New Hampshire Rank | N/A |
New Hampshire Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: New Jersey | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
New Jersey Rank | N/A |
New Jersey Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Nova Scotia | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Nova Scotia Rank | State Rare |
Nova Scotia Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | N/A |
Conservation status for: New York | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
New York Rank | N/A |
New York Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Ohio | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Ohio Rank | N/A |
Ohio Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Oklahoma | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Oklahoma Rank | N/A |
Oklahoma Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Ontario | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Ontario Rank | Secure |
Ontario Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | N/A |
Conservation status for: Pennsylvania | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Pennsylvania Rank | N/A |
Pennsylvania Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Quebec | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Quebec Rank | State Rare |
Quebec Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | N/A |
Conservation status for: Rhode Island | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Rhode Island Rank | N/A |
Rhode Island Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: South Carolina | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
South Carolina Rank | N/A |
South Carolina Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Upland |
Conservation status for: Tennessee | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Tennessee Rank | N/A |
Tennessee Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: Virginia | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Virginia Rank | N/A |
Virginia Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Vermont | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Vermont Rank | N/A |
Vermont Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |
Conservation status for: Wisconsin | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
Wisconsin Rank | N/A |
Wisconsin Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative |
Conservation status for: West Virginia | |
---|---|
Global Rank | Secure |
US Status | N/A |
West Virginia Rank | N/A |
West Virginia Status | N/A |
Canadian Status | Secure |
Wetland Status | Facultative Upland |